Интенсивность накопления элементов питания пшеницей яровой в зависимости от степени обеспеченности почвы подвижным фосфором

Abstract

The results of studies of the intensity of accumulation of nutrients of the aboveground dry mass of spring wheat in tillering at different phosphorus levels are presented. It is established that the duration of the tillering phase in the Amur Region is determined mainly by hydrothermal indicators of the early period of development and can vary within 12–17 days. The content of nutri- ents under wheat crops depended on the long-term use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. The maximum level of the nutritional regime was observed during the tillering phase of spring wheat. Moreover, in the same phase, a close relationship was established between the intensity of phosphorus accumulation in plants and its content in the soil throughout the growing season of wheat (r = 0.82–0.93). The highest indicator of the accumulation rate of macronutrients, the increase in air-dry mass (ADM), and the yield of spring wheat grain was noted when N₆₀P₃₀ was applied at an increased level of phosphate availability in soil, while the increase relative to the control was statistically reliable at the 5 % significance level. The pair correlation method established a close direct relationship between the rate of nitrogen accumulation in the tillering phase and the yield of ADM and spring wheat grain, the correlation coefficient was 0.80 ± 0.35 (p > 0.05) and 0.70 ± 0.41 (p ˂ 0.05).